Hanusek, E., Kain, J., and Rivkin, S. (1999). Harrison and Killion (2007) defined the roles of . Earn CE Get Involved Advocate/Support Your Profession Improving science teachers conceptions of nature of science: A critical review of the literature. As students analyze observations from the laboratory in search of patterns or explanations, develop and revise conjectures, and build lines of reasoning about why their proposed claims or explanations are or are not true, the teacher supports their learning by conducting sense-making discussions (Mortimer and Scott, 2003; van Zee and Minstrell, 1997; Hammer, 1997; Windschitl, 2004; Bell, 2004; Brown and Campione, 1998; Bruner, 1996; Linn, 1995; Lunetta, 1998; Clark, Clough, and Berg, 2000; Millar and Driver, 1987). One study found that, when laboratories were easily accessible, 14- and 15-year-old students who used the facilities during their free time reported increased interest in academics and took advanced science courses (Henderson and Mapp, 2002). (1997). Preordained science and student autonomy: The nature of laboratory tasks in physics classrooms. The design of this professional development program incorporated the principle of integrating laboratory experiences into the stream of instruction and the goal of providing a full range of laboratory experiences, including opportunities for students to participate in developing research questions and procedures. Haase, B.S. On the basis of a review of the available research, Lunetta (1998, p. 253) suggests that, for students, time should be provided for engaging students in driving questions, for team planning, for feedback about the nature and meaning of data, and for discussion of the implications of findings, and laboratory journals should provide opportunities for individual students to reflect upon and clarify their own observations, hypotheses, conceptions.. Generally, the body of research is weak, and the effects of teacher quality on student outcomes are small and specific to certain contexts. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(3), 205-236. (2004). 249-262). The Role of Laboratory in Science Teaching and Learning
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